Michigan Voter-Registration Investigation
This section covers FBI Detroit Field Office case 56D-DE-3407960 (with a predecessor assessment 56-DE-3249380), an investigation into allegations of fraudulent voter-registration applications submitted to the Muskegon City Clerk's Office (MCCO) in the fall of 2020. The matter originated with the Michigan State Police (MSP), Michigan Attorney General (MAG), and Muskegon City/County Police Department (referred to in the documents as MCPD/MUPD), which referred it to the FBI; the MCCO reported receiving roughly 8,000–10,000 registration applications, an undetermined number of which showed indicators of fraud (non-existent addresses, invalid phone numbers, mismatched signatures, and repeated handwriting). The documents describe canvassers employed by an organization — an entity whose name is redacted throughout most records but which appears in the file titles and one email chain as "GBI Strategies" — who were paid via reloadable/prepaid debit cards, and multiple canvasser witnesses admitted or reported that fake voter registrations were submitted, in some cases to meet daily quotas. The record traces DOJ Public Integrity Section (PIN) consultations that repeatedly limited the scope of the investigation, and the case was ultimately declined for prosecution and closed. Names of subjects, agents, prosecutors, and the employing organization are redacted (`[REDACTED]`) in nearly all documents; OCR errors are frequent and are marked `[OCR unclear]` where the text is not reliably legible.
Key Insights
AI-generated from the sourced claims — verify against the documents.
Multiple witnesses and evidence indicate that canvassers were instructed to fabricate voter registration information, including names, Social Security numbers, and signatures, to meet quotas and earn bonuses, resulting in thousands of potentially fraudulent applications.
The FBI investigation was deliberately delayed to avoid interfering with the November 2023 Michigan elections, and despite evidence of fraud, no prosecution was pursued until after the 2024 election, raising concerns about political interference.
Database searches revealed that 91 of 107 sampled voter registration applications corresponded to non-existent individuals, and many signatures did not match official records, indicating systematic fabrication.
A supervisor explicitly instructed over 100 employees to fill in blank applications with made-up information, and employees admitted to submitting hundreds of fake registrations for financial gain.
The operation was perceived as partisan, with workers distributing pro-Biden fliers and a witness feeling the organization aimed to suppress Trump votes, while the FBI closed the case citing no criminal violation despite substantial evidence.
25 documents
Opening Electronic Communication (Full Investigation)
FBI FD-1057 Electronic CommunicationMar 16, 20216 pagesCanvasser Interview — 196 (Hourly; Fliers for Biden)
FBI FD-302 interview reportDec 12, 20232 pagesCanvasser Interview — 233 (Suspected Forged Signatures)
FBI FD-302 interview reportDec 12, 20231 pageGrand Rapids Closing Communication
FBI closing communicationSep 25, 20251 page"Don't Want to Close" Concerns Email Chain (2021)
Internal FBI email chainOct 20, 20213 pagesFake Voter Database-Check Memo 3
FBI FD-1057 Electronic CommunicationMay 12, 20221 pageFake Voter Database-Check Memo 1
FBI FD-1057 Electronic CommunicationMar 31, 20221 pageFake Voter Database-Check Memo 2
FBI FD-1057 Electronic CommunicationMar 31, 20221 pageFour-Year Case Timeline
Case timeline documentOct 27, 20203 pagesDatabase Checks Spreadsheet EC (91 of 107)
FBI FD-1057 Electronic CommunicationMay 19, 20231 pagePIN Full-Investigation Concurrence / 20-Application Database Check
EmailFeb 2, 20232 pagesOriginal Muskegon / MSP Referral Assessment EC
FBI Electronic Communication summarizing referral allegationsOct 29, 20204 pagesPIN 2023 Election-Timing Delay Email
Email chainOct 3, 20233 pagesVoter Confirms She Did Not Register But Received Ballot (Southfield)
FBI FD-1036 / FD-71A Guardian Complaint import formDec 8, 20202 pagesOffice Clerk Interview — Gift Cards / "Suppress Trump" (2025)
FBI FD-302 interview reportJul 7, 20253 pagesCanvasser Interview — Other States / Make Up Phone Numbers and DOBs
FBI FD-302 telephonic interview reportDec 13, 20231 pageCanvasser Interview — Paid By Registration; Others Falsified
FBI FD-302 telephonic interview reportDec 12, 20232 pagesCanvasser Interview — Pot/Money For Registrations
FBI FD-302 interview reportDec 12, 20232 pagesCanvasser Interview — Probably Forged Signatures
FBI FD-302 telephonic interview reportDec 14, 20231 pageCanvasser Interview — Widespread Fake Registrations
FBI FD-302 interview reportDec 12, 20233 pagesWorker Interviews — Sit In Car / Make Up Names
FBI FD-302 interview reportDec 13, 20232 pagesGBI Strategies — Pre-Closing Scope Discussion Email
Email chainJan 3, 20222 pagesPIN Concurrence and EDMI Declination Email Chain (2021)
Email chainFeb 11, 20214 pagesPIN GBI Declination Email
EmailNov 4, 20211 pageVoter Fraud Spreadsheet Transmittal Email
Internal FBI email transmitting a spreadsheetApr 28, 20231 page